Ces produits sont utilisés pour répondre aux besoins en protéines dans l'alimentation. Le coût des sources de protéines est relativement élevé. Pour cette raison, les sources de protéines ne sont pas utilisées pour répondre aux besoins en énergie. La plupart des sources de protéines sont également des sous-produits d'autres processus, tels que l'extraction d'huile.
Sources de protéines avec des niveaux élevés de protéines et une bonne disponibilité protéique.
Soybean meal is the by-product of soybeal oil extraction. Consequently, soybean meal contains more protein than whole soybeans. It possesses an amino acid profile suitable for poultry. However, soybeans also contain certain antinutritional factors such as trypsin inhibitor, lectins, and lipoxygenase. A common method to reduce this risk is by applying heat treatment during soybean meal production. Nevertheless, proper heating is essential, as overheating can adversely affect protein quality and digestibility. The protein content in soybean meal depends on the oil extraction process used.
Feeding whole soybeans to poultry can negatively impact their intestines due to the presence of anti-nutritional factors. However, roasting whole soybeans eliminates these anti-nutritional factors. In general, roasted soybeans serve as a valuable source of protein with a well-balanced amino acid profile.
Fishmeal is a by-product of fish processing. The exact nutritional composition and quality depend on the raw material used, as well as the processing method employed. Fishmeal is believed to have a superior amino acid balance compared to most other sources, which is why it is generally more expensive than the majority of other protein sources.
La variabilité de ces sources dépend des méthodes de traitement utilisées par l'usine. Les sous-produits bien transformés peuvent améliorer la rentabilité, mais il est important de surveiller régulièrement la qualité des ingrédients. En général, il est recommandé de maintenir des niveaux d'inclusion plus bas.
Sunflower meal is the by-product of sunflower seed oil extraction. Depending on the market, sunflower meal can be more cost-effective than fishmeal and soybean meal. However, its relatively low energy content and less suitable amino acid profile necessitate the use of a secondary amino acid (protein) source.
Cottonseed meal is the by-product of cottonseed oil extraction, and its content may vary depending on the method of oil extraction. Cottonseed meal typically has lower levels of crude protein, energy, and lysine compared to soybean meal. Additionally, cottonseed contains a pigment called gossypol, which can be toxic to poultry in high doses.
